Care Manager Certification Practice Exam

Which of the following best describes a potential complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

1. Pneumonia

2. Pulmonary embolism

3. Hemorrhage

4. Cardiac arrest

The correct answer is: Pulmonary embolism

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein, typically in the legs. One of the most significant potential complications of DVT is pulmonary embolism (PE). This happens when a part of the blood clot breaks off and travels to the lungs, where it can cause a blockage in one or more pulmonary arteries. This can lead to serious consequences, including impaired blood flow, respiratory distress, or even death if not treated promptly. The connection between DVT and PE is well-documented, with pulmonary embolism being a leading cause of morbidity and mortality associated with DVT. In contrast, while pneumonia, hemorrhage, and cardiac arrest represent serious health concerns, they do not directly result from DVT. Pneumonia is primarily an infection of the lungs, hemorrhage involves excessive bleeding, and cardiac arrest is the sudden loss of heart function. These conditions can occur in various contexts but are not complications that arise specifically from the presence of DVT. Understanding the implications of DVT, particularly its potential to lead to pulmonary embolism, is crucial for effective patient management and prevention strategies in care management.